Microsoft still has work to do”

Bruce Schneier in a restrained moment

 

 

The Malware Menace-Thinking the Unthinkable

Conservative options in today’s harzardous milieu

 

Most well-informed geeks know the score:

·     A malicious virus like Mydoom.F can drop your computer in its tracks and wipe your hard drive clean of the files you value most.

·     Logic bomb malware like Kama Sutra will strike at any time of its choosing totally out of the blue, your computer will not just get slower and slower until you take action.

·     There is much, much more rogue antispyware software on the market that will infect your machine than there is that will protect your PC. Only certified software is to be trusted.

·     Your personal data is big business. Venture Capitalists have given nearly $200 million to startup firms to create spyware. (Corollary-you can bet a chunk it goes lawmakers to legalize spyware, like the watered-down California spyware bill.)

·     HP estimates the average cost for malware removal at $130 per incident. Consumer Reports estimates an $8 billion loss to consumers from malware.

·     Even if you follow the cardinal rules of prevention you can still become infected.

o          Windows automatic updates should be turned on

o          The firewall should be enabled.

o          Updated antimalware software should be installed with auto scans on.

o          Internet Explorer should locked down and only used on the internet at a trusted source such as Microsoft.com or a certified vendor. All other browsing should be done with a third party product with Java disabled. As per CERT

o          Outlook should never be used and email attachments should not be opened.

o          IRC or Instant Messenger programs should be avoided.

o          Office products like Word, Excel, etc should have macros disabled

o          Questionable software should not be run unless it is scanned and walled into a sandbox for evaluation.

o          If you’re foolish enough to run Wi-Fi, lock it down very tightly and use AirSnare.

 

What do you have to lose?

    Vulnerabilities abound and will not disappear with Vista. How important is the data on your computer in your personal and business life? Maybe you could lose it all and not care, even it was placed in the hands of the Mafia. If so, this article is a waste of your time. If you are in the IT management, real estate, medicine, finance, legal or defense sector, big bucks are on the line. Malware is very big business for marketing companies and even bigger business for Mafia cartels worldwide. Identity theft and denial of service blackmail schemes abound. The Zombie Hunters article by Evan Ratliff in the New Yorker is required reading.

    There is a little acknowledged but fairly effective preventive strategy in wide use at public terminals, the white-list instead of the black-list.  Security expert Marcus J. Ranum talks about it in Execution Control: Death to Antivirus more specifically Exe LockDown.

 

Taxonomy of Malware

    Malware researcher Joanna Rutkowska defines malware as "a piece of code which changes the behavior of either the operating system kernel or some security sensitive applications, without a user consent and in such a way that it is then impossible to detect those changes using a documented features of the operating system or the application." Notice that this includes everything from the very feeble to the grossly malicious--a generic variety of all forms of hostile, intrusive, or annoying software or program code that just won't go away.

    Malware terminology is in more than a little bit of a muddle as it is used in the press, here are a few basics drawing heavily on the Wikipedia:

A computer virus is a computer program which distributes copies of itself, even without permission or knowledge of the user. Most virus launches come via use of a hacker kit from "scriptkiddies."

A Trojan horse is a program that contains or installs a malicious program (sometimes called the payload or 'Trojan').

A computer worm is a self-replicating computer program. It uses a network to send copies of itself to other nodes (computer terminals on the network) and it may do so without any user intervention. Unlike a virus, it does not need to attach itself to an existing program.

Spyware is computer software that collects personal information about users without their informed consent and is often used interchangeably with adware. Personal information can be secretly recorded with a variety of techniques, including logging keystrokes, recording Internet web browsing history, and scanning for and stealing documents on the computer's hard disk. Theft of autocomplete passwords stored in Mozilla and IE browsers of target machines has been automated and can lead to identity theft and fraud. The Anti-Spyware Coalition defines the spyware landscape here.

Fraudulent dialers are software designed to connect to premium-rate or 900 telephone numbers. The providers of such dialers often search for security holes that may be present in the operating system installed on the user's computer and use them to change the computer to dial up through their number, pocketing the rate gouge money for themselves.

A backdoor is a method of bypassing normal authentication while securing remote access to a computer, while attempting to remain hidden from casual inspection. As a result the machine is effectively under remote control. If you are using the machine to type at the time your machine is compromised, you may notice that the words will be misspelled because characters will be dropped as you type. As this happens you will notice that the title bar of the document window will blink from blue to gray and back to blue and that characters will only drop out when the bar is gray not when it is blue. If this ever happens to you unexpectedly, unplug the machine from the internet immediately--you have a visitor.

A rootkit is a set of software tools intended to conceal running processes, files or system data (such as the use of internet ports) from the operating system. In and of themselves they may seem harmless, but when bundled with a payload that includes several Trojans the result can be devastating because the hidden items can not be located by the search commands supplied with the operating system. Rootkits have become the norm for high end spyware and zombie kits. Even Sony has its fingers in the pie! See Rootkits for Dummies.

 

Common Misconceptions

·  Antivirus is good enough. Many companies which offer a virus scanning product do not include the ability to detect other forms of malware. In the modern security landscape a scanner without spyware, trojan, and rootkit capability is like a car without wheels. This poor showing accounts for the need for premier niche products like SpySweeper, TrojanHunter, ProcessGuard and Sandboxie.

·   The package I bought will block or remove the menace. The most effective Trojans specifically target antimalware products by deleting them, crippling them, or blocking them. Eighty percent of new malware defeats antimalware. See Why popular antivirus apps 'do not work' by Munir Kotadia and Anti-adware misses most malware. It takes more than one virus package to fight a virus plague and more than one spyware package to fight spyware.

·  .exe files are the only danger – Roger Grimes documents well over 100 file types, or extensions, that may contain or spread a virus or bring about malicious results; some of the most common today are .doc, .rtf, .htm, .mp3, .pdf, .exe, .com, .cpl, .msi, .pif, .reg, .scr, .vbs, and .zip. The only way to protect against attachments is to block them all.

·  It’s safe to open attachments from senders I recognize – Many e-mail messages that contain virus-infected attachments will appear to come from someone familiar to you; the virus can spoof the From address to mislead the recipient into a false sense of security. Malware is quite capable of mailing out invites to everyone in your address book. Never open any attachment unless you phone the sender and verify that it is legitimate.

·I will know if I'm infected. Start by reading a list of symptoms. It's not necessarily all about popups and inappropriate search engine results. A zombie payload is all about maintaining secret control of your machine in perpetuity. An AOL survey showed 90% of infected users did not know they were infected.

·I will be able to use an online scanner if my scanner is corrupt or missing. Nowadays infections come as a payload, a redundant hacker cocktail, a blended threat. When I was hit by the Beagle, it involved a least two rootkits, 4 Trojans, a dialer, a keylogger, a backdoor and 131 viruses and other assorted items. McAfee was wiped clean from the drive and would not reinstall, nor would several other antimalware products. Safe mode was disabled. Internet Explorer was hijacked. The rootkits kept the Trojans cloaked from the online scanners so they could not be removed. No single tool is likely to get you up and running against such a barrage of targets. The rootkits must be disabled first, then the cleanup can begin if you are foolish enough to think you can find it all.

·I will be able to use a backup restore point to recover. All my backup restore points were erased.

·Malware is written by disaffected teenagers in their spare time. Mafia Malware is written by teams of highly-skilled software engineers with large budgets on projects that take man-years of effort and can go to extremes to maintain control of your machine.

·Not many people get infected. There was a government press release from China stating that 85% of computer users there were infected that year. 80% in U.S.A.

·Spam is a harmless nuisance. It is estimated that 70-80% of all internet email is spam and a third of that is sent out by spam zombies illegally. They are infection vectors recruiting more zombies. The second most common cause of infection after spam is spim, i.e. instant messaging.

·The passwords stored in my browser are encrypted, so they are safe. Nope.

·  The Microsoft/Claria acquisition will help assure protection for me. Yeah, sure.

 

Help-I Got Hacked. Now What Do I Do?

    In an eye-opening article of the same title Dr. Jesper M. Johansson of Microsoft gives us news worse than we have probably heard before about malware--give up and wipe your drive, there is no cure. The single "cleans all/prevents all" solution out there is fdisk.

The point is well-taken, if you neglect your backups, the worst is upon you. What you have to lose is potentially the whole ball of wax. If you leave the computer on, a logic bomb may wipe you clean--out of the blue. If you try to clean the machine with a scanner, there may be no way to boot the machine again. Many modern Trojans corrupt the system files so that it is impossible to restart in Safe Mode. If you repair Windows with the factory install disk while the infection is active, reinfection can occur when you reboot.

If you give the machine to a semi-competent IT professional without rigorous instructions about what data is critical and how much you are willing to spend to get it back, you stand a very good chance of getting back a blank drive with a fresh install of Windows on it. There is a whole industry of data recovery professionals available and they are not cheap. They can work on physically damaged hardware or malware damaged hardware. Let them get and clean the data before they wipe the drive clean if the cost is justified. If you are not the geeky type and your data is critical, you are taking an unjustified gamble.

 

Fixing it yourself with forum help

    This is a very touch and go situation as mentioned above. There are cadres of well-meaning self-help volunteers on a number of malware forums such as CastleCops, GeeksToGo, SpywareInfo, SpywareWarrior, Tom Coyote and many others. They will usually post an orderly preliminary set of procedures they would like you to follow before you send them a HijackThis log file to examine. Such procedures have saved a lot of grief for most users, but it can often be impossible to follow the procedure if Safe Mode has been crippled by the malware or if the first antimalware scan you try freezes your computer. The clock will be ticking for some of these users and an examination of a cross section of these procedures never once mentioned or hinted of the potential danger or the desirability of booting to a diagnostic or rescue CD.

Most reputable antimalware packages have some kind of Rescue CD provision. It may be an extra cost option or a set of instructions on how to make a bootable version of their product with BartPE, but something will be available. If it isn't, cross them off your list of potential vendors unless you are a master geek ready to make your own. Using an ERD Commander or BartPE approach is even better than a factory rescue disk because whatever malicious files might be hidden by a rootkit will be open to the naked light of day. You will be running Windows from a safe read-only bootable CD and at the same time you can be running chkdsk, backing up any critical files or scanning for and removing unwanted files.

Once your data is safely backed up, just verify that it is current and complete as best you can, then just follow Horowitz's thoughtful procedure for wiping the drive in How to Remove Spyware and Malware from a Windows computer. Just remember that there will always be bookmarks, browser password files, registration numbers and sundry items tucked away that you don't think about very often like annual events. Yes, you will have to reinstall your applications and that will take time. The alternative is that you will probably spend just as much time running scan after scan from a myriad of online scanners and trial offer packages until you think you are clean. One scan might take two hours, four hours, even ten hours. Some of the packages are excruciatingly slow. In the end you might think you know whether the system is clean, then again the drive might not boot at all. Choices, choices. It is much faster to just scrub the critical data you want to save than it is to wade through gigabytes of unnecessary files.

If your data is worth saving and not backed up, then it is worth having alternate bootable storage. Short-term it can even be a large capacity flash drive, since prime-expert.com makes a software package called Flashboot. Flash drives are too unstable to provide exclusive reliable backup. Most systems do not come with two hard drives when new, but acquiring an extra drive is money well spent, many will just plug in to the USB socket.

 

The Escalated Approach (not advisable)

    Some people like to play with fire. It pumps the adrenaline. If the temptation to continue running your existing Windows installation is just too great then get a copy of Always Use Protection by programming guru Dan Appleman and read the pages in the middle with the black edges several times as a strategy briefing. Then read preliminary instructions from one or more forums and think about the consequences. With the computer turned off write out an outline of what you think needs to be done on a step-by-step basis escalated by how serious your symptoms are.

Then get a copy of Absolute Beginner's Guide to Security, Spam, Spyware & Viruses by  syndicated computer expert Andy Walker. It is easy to read and quite useful even for the experienced user. This book is the opposite of Dan’s book. It is all about products, not about strategy and internals.

Once you turn on the machine, keep a journal of just what you try and the results. It will probably take several days of your spare time. The past can get too foggy too fast. If you do not have a bootable CD, think hard about how to mount your drive after booting elsewhere first, perhaps you could install another drive or use an USB to IDE cable.

The web site www.antirootkit.com is very useful for locating antirootkit scanning and troubleshooting tools. Penetrating the cloak of any rootkits takes priority in locating problems.

 

There are lots of ways to boot a computer and some are much safer than others.

ERD Commander or BartPE CD

Antimalware Rescue CD

XP Installation CD

Boot from alternate partition, hard drive or flash drive

Safe Mode (with or without DOS)

Recovery Repair Console

Last known good configuration

 

Dan explores most of these in his book. He gives a few sample commands to help you get your feet wet. He does not talk about the pros and cons of particular products. He does not use the one size fits all approach a forum preliminary recipe might. Forums typically recommend one or more online scanning tools such as:

 

We will scan for free and try to fix it for free if you are infected:

Kaspersky.com online checker (http://www.kaspersky.com/virusscanner-selective)

Bitdefender Online Scan (http://www.bitdefender.com/scan8/ie.html -selective)

Housecall online check at trendmicro.com (http://housecall.trendmicro.com/ -selective)

eTrust online (http://www3.ca.com/securityadvisor/virusinfo/scan.aspx  -selective)

   This last site did not find Eicar virus test files sprinkled all over the drive.

We will scan for free and give you a sales pitch if you might be infected:

Mcafee online scanner (http://us.mcafee.com/root/mfs/)

Symantec online security or virus check (http://www.symantec.com/securitycheck/)

F-Secure Online Virus Scanner (http://support.f-secure.com/enu/home/ols.shtml)

Panda ActiveScan (http://www.pandasoftware.com/)

 

On some occasions a more specialized Spyware scan might be best:

Ewido Antispyware (http://www.ewido.net/en/onlinescan/ -- buggy? Died midway)

MySpyZero and Virus online checks at http://global.ahnlab.com/

SpyXposer (http://www.pandasoftware.com/products/spyxposer/ -- expose, not fix)

Trend-Micro Antispyware for the Web (http://www.trendmicro.com/spyware-scan/)

TrojanScan (http://www.windowsecurity.com/trojanscan/)

 

Just remember that you are telling Internet Explorer that you are trusting these companies who are making a list of every file on your drive. Who do you want to have that information and what will they do with it? Does the company have a certified product?

 

Knowing how well the scan works

Eicar virus test file - http://www.trendmicro.com/en/security/test/overview.htm

PestPatrol spyware test files - http://www.pestpatrol.com/Support/V4_Updates.asp#Test

Take these harmless test files and put additional copies of them in a .zip file, an .rar file, an .iso file and scan each with a right click to your favorite scanner to see what happens.

 

Sometimes it useful to do a browser or port scan

Browser Security Test

Shields UP at grc.com for ports 1-1000

Firewall test at Auditmypc.com for ports 1-10000

 

Many of the forum moderators can zero in on a problem rather quickly after seeing some logs and recommend a specific tool which will save the day.

I recommend that you run a freeware program from Microsoft called TCPView to monitor your internet traffic during the first moments after you boot. At this time hacker software will phone home and tell the hacker servers that your machine is ready for traffic. When you see the two or three dozen invites being sent across the globe, it should give you pause to contemplate the meaning of the word redundancy. Some processes cloaked from taskmgr.exe may be visible with TCPView and can be killed with it. Once you know the name of the program (from viewing its TCPView properties) you can search for and delete it when you boot from an alternate drive. Then your antimalware software has a better chance to run unimpeded if you previously could not boot in Safe Mode.

Another useful freeware program is Pocket Killbox. It claims to be able to remove a file that is in use and cannot be removed with the normal Windows delete capability. Many antirootkit tools have a more complete ability in this regard.

Lastly it is helpful to have a quick easy way to see what starts up when your computer boots—Startup Control Panel.exe (standalone) , Starter and Autoruns each have their own pluses and minuses, but all will do the job. StartupCP.exe is the easiest and Autoruns is the most comprehensive.

I also recommend that you make a slipstream SP2 update of the Windows XP installation CD using update with theeldergeek.com instructions. Once you have an up-to-date Windows installer CD the geekstogo.com article How to repair windows XP will tell you how to use it to update corrupted Windows system files that prevent you from booting in Safe Mode. I recommend that you make the CD now, not it the midst of a crisis.

By the way, resist the temptation of ever buying a machine that does not have a copy of a Windows installer CD in the bundle unless you already have one that will do the job.

Once you see how many poison pills have been scattered throughout all levels of your system software you may hear the spirit of Dr. Johansson echoing in your brain. It is not a defeat to come to your senses, just a reminder to “Make New Mistakes.”

 

Turning on Protection, How-to Tutorials, Hardening Checklist (save to your disk)

Stay up-to-date automatically

Block Pop-up Windows with Internet Explorer

Disabling Messenger Service in Windows XP

How to disable third-party tool bands and Browser Helper Objectsonly for IE

Control Internet Explorer Add-ons with Add-on Manager

Lock down IE – to keep ActiveX demons at bay, even better use Securing Your Laptop

Stop Hijackings. Disable (uncheck) the Enable Install on Demand item in the Advanced Settings for Browsing that will eliminate the driveby browser hijacking “feature” of IE.

How to Manage Cookies in Internet Explorer 6

If you don’t use the web much and are truly paranoid you can even uninstall Java (JS2E) and even uninstall Flash animation, but since you can turn browser scripting on and off with preferences, this is probably overkill. If ActiveX scripting is totally disabled, then automatic updates will fail.

How to Disable Active Content in Internet Exploreri.e. ActiveX and Java preferences

Disable Flash Advertising – tips for dumping floating ads on different browsers and IE

Enable/Disable JavaScriptselective use of trusted and restricted zones

Stop Getting Tricked into Running Viruses – make your extension names visible

Use access control to restrict who can use your filesIf you have an alternate browser installed and are in the midst of a serious infection where IE has been compromised, you can temporarily disable it by changing the execute permissions to Deny. The pathname is usually C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe.

MICA Step-by-Step guide to securing your Windows XP machine – security tweaking ideas for the devotee

Desktop Audit Protocols – Enterprise-level procedures to guide IT professionals (pdf)

   If you read all these bulletins and caveats you will have spent several hours amusing yourself reading about the diverse ways that your machine can give you headaches and what to do about it. What are your chances of actually remembering what to do and when to do it? Do you know a zone elevation block from a BHO? And ultimately the much bigger question is how many hours are you willing to spend just to keep one program from messing up your life? It’s hard to escape the conclusion that IE is as big a pest as the pests that exist because of its inadequacies.

   Likewise, considering that most infections come from spam, there is no good reason for most home users to even consider using a POP3 email program when there are quality free services with built-in high-quality spam filters like gmail and yahoo mail out there. Outlook for most home use is an unjustified high risk invitation to infection.

 

Closing Thoughts

    The same way dirty power is the biggest single cause of hardware problems, malware is the single largest cause of software problems. If you do not choose to take a proactive stance with a line conditioner and range of antimalware products, you are a sitting duck on both counts. The buzzards are circling, virtually none of them are in jail.

Even if your web doors are locked your data is somewhere in someone else’s database on the web. Every week hundreds of thousands of personal records are compromised. Every year tens of millions of personal records are lost, stolen or sold outright to criminal elements. Only a handful of states like California have laws saying you must be notified if your data is compromised. Approximately 10 million Americans are affected by identity fraud each year, according to the U.S. Federal Trade Commission. It will take an average of fourteen months for someone to have clues that identity theft has happened, it might be because a warrant has been issued for your arrest. Sleep tight, you can always buy a Macintosh and all this special knowledge becomes moot.

 

Webibliography of key references:

FTC Shuts Down BlogSpot Spyware Ring by Ryan Naraine at eweek.com

Calif. Spyware Bill: 'Worse Than Nothing' by Susan Kuchinskas at internetnews.com

The Zombie Hunters by Evan Ratliff in the New Yorker.

Execution Control: Death to Antivirus. by Marcus J. Ranum

Best Practices: Factors for Use in the Evaluation of Potentially Unwanted Technologies

Potentially Malicious Windows Files by Roger Grimes

Rogue/Suspect Anti-Spyware Products & Web Sites from spywarewarrior.com

Microsoft Internet Explorer does not properly validate source of redirected frame

IE CERT Vulnerability Note – government recommends no IE use, try third party.

Protect Yourself from WiFi Snoopsby Preston Gralla, how to lock down a home wireless network

Basic Troubleshooting for Spyware/Adwarefeature article from SmartComputing about how to lockdown IE that explains how to use BHODemon. You should also disable (uncheck) the Enable Install on Demand item in the Advanced Settings for Browsing that will eliminate the driveby browser hijacking “feature” of IE.

Spam Trojan Installs Own Anti-Virus Scanner how malware can guard its booty

Help-I Got Hacked. Now What Do I Do? By Dr. Jesper Johansson at Microsoft.com

How to Remove Spyware and Malware from a Windows computer by Michael Horowitz

Always Use Protection by Dan Appleman

Absolute Beginner's Guide to Security, Spam, Spyware & Viruses by Andy Walker

HijackThis Tutorial – from bleepingcomputer.com - (be forewarned that without reading and understanding a tutorial that:  HijackThis+computer=KaBoom)

Antivirus Software – review from consumersearch.com-What they don’t say about Kaspersky is that phone support means a call to Moscow and that the package is incompatible with most other premier auxiliary products like Spysweeper, TrojanHunter and ProcessGuard.

Help! Vendors promise solid tech support, but our test found long hold times and poor advice. by Ed Skoudis of Information Security magazine. A review of tech support from five different anti-virus vendors.

Why popular antivirus apps 'do not work' by Munir Kotadia,

Anti-adware misses most malware.- even running top two best scanners misses 30%!

Complete year of the Beagle (pdf) by Jason Gordon at infectionvectors.com

May I Help You: The Search Assistants (pdf) by Jason Gordon at infectionvectors.com

How to repair windows XP tutorial from geekstogo.com for replacing corrupted or missing windows system files using your factory disk.

Rootkits for Dummies by Larry Stevenson and the CastleCops.com volunteer staff-meaty insider scoop covering the whole range of the malware problem with a rootkit special focus.

Antirootkit.com – most comprehensive listing of antirootkit tools

Windows rootkits of 2005, part three – Listing of a few tools and how they work

Inside Windows Rootkits-Chris Ries, Security Research Engineer (pdf)

Antivirus Tools Cannot Clean Infected Files in the _Restore Folder- Microsoft warning Windows Rootkits Prevention Measures – potpourri of options to explore

Phish-Hooked-Thieves Find Easy Pickings on Social SitesWashington Post (note that the number of alerts listed by the Anti-Phishing Working Group multiplied by 100 -17,600 in May 2006 compared with 176 in January 2004).

PayPal Security Flaw Allows Identity Theft – Slashdot

Nist Unencrypted Hall of Shame and A Chronology of Data Breaches

AOL/NCSA Online Safety Study (pdf)

CyberInsecurity: The Cost of Monopoly--How the Dominance of Microsoft's Products Poses a Risk to Security --Microsoft vulnerabilities are a national security risk

benedelman.org - spyware watchdog and expert witness Ben Edelman tracks the industry.

When Google search result includes "This site may harm your computer?" warning

FTC Consumer Complaint Form – where to go to complain about malware

 

Applications:

SpySweeper TrojanHunter ProcessGuard  Sandboxie BartPE TCPView Killbox CWShredder Starter StartupCP.exe-standalone Autoruns Flashboot Exe LockDown HijackThis Zonealarm AirSnare IMSecure QuickAccess

 

Norton Emergency CD instructions and free definitions

McAfee rescue floppy instructions and free definitions

Kaspersky 6 rescue CD instructions and free cumulative definitions

AVG Rescue CD - $150 with a 1 year subscription

 

P.S.

Keeping your private data private

   One way to assure that others won’t be reading confidential material is encryption.

But that is only half the problem, what if a hacker has a keylogger running? On-screen keyboards are actually not likely to help unless integrated into the encryption program.

A hardware key aka a token is another option, but not commonly available on most low cost home products, and what if you lose it? Such dongle keys are normally supplied as a USB token that looks like a flash drive but includes both an internal processor and memory analogous to an encrypted phonebook of keys. Tokens can also come on smart cards that will plug into the same USB socket via an inexpensive smart card reader. Biometric solutions also exist, but tend to be more expensive.
   AES was designed for low-power smartcards and has been approved for Top Secret use. Blowfish was designed as a free (unpatented) algorithm for very fast encryption by cryptography expert Bruce Schneier. It allows for longer keys than AES. EFS is a form of encryption built into Windows and is not likely to help most zombie owners.
   The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in California vs. Greenwood that discarded materials confer no right to privacy, more or less giving individuals the right to peruse second-hand disk drives. If you don’t thoroughly wipe a drive when you’re done with it, too bad for you and your data. At least 600,000 laptops are lost or stolen every year.

 

File, Folder and Virtual Drive Encryption

dsCrypt – Secure PassPad immunity to keylogger-infested environment (256-bit encryption), flash drive compatible, only encrypts files. Free.

CP-Lab.com File Encryption XP 384-bit Blowfish algorithm, flash drive compatible Can encrypt both files and folders. $30.

CipherIX Secure IT (448-Bit blowfish encryption) and Cryptainer (128 bit encryption)

SecurStar DriveCrypt – 1344 bit encryption – can be used with Hardware Decryption Keys implemented as USB tokens or the SecuGen optimouse fingerprint reader. There is a traveller modus to allow use of the software on flash drives. Can only encrypt containers which can be mounted as virtual drives. $77.

PhysTechSoft Strongdisk - supports USB tokens with Blowfish with up to 448-bit et al

Digital Vault and Steganos Safe are other products that use 256-bit encryption

Low budget quality encryption can be had via a password protected a winrar file

 

Full Disk Encryption (FDE) Solutions: 

Pros and cons. If malware makes your encrypted system disk unbootable, all data may be permanently inaccessible, be sure to ask.

Federal Government to deploy Full Disk Encryption on all government owned computers

TrueCrypt  open source FDE with 256 bit encryption or create a file that is a virtual volume that can be mounted as a disk. Wiki writeup. Free.

SecureDoc Winmagic – DOD quality full disk encryption (FDE) for desktops and laptops, employing authentication from password to hardware token, and biometrics with a home version called MySecureDoc with 256 bit encryption from $20.

Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) – high quality product that handles drives and email with USB token support, multiple algorithms up to 4096 bit encryption, $100.

SafeNet and PointSec – High-end GSA contenders for the federal FDE contest

 

Secure Flash Drives (some will be vanilla drives bundled with generic software)

Store ‘n’ Go - Verbatim’s proprietary AES bundled solution for their flash drives, unfortunately they are too wide to fit in many USB jacks. On sale for around $20/GB

JumpDrive Secure II - Lexar’s proprietary cross-platform 256-bit encryption USB drives which require administrative privileges to run under Windows.

Kingston DataTraveller Secure - 256-bit AES encryption USB drives

Kanguru Micro Drive – 256-bit AES encrypted portable USB flash drive. It is the only such FIPS certified device.

DiskGo Secure USB 2.0 Flash Drives - 448-Bit blowfish CryptArchiver Flash Drive

RITLabs The Bat! Voyager PRO test - a 256-MB secure flash drive

MXI ClipDrive Secure – equipped with AES encryption using a 256 bit key

Imation Pivot Flash Drivecomes bundled with 256-bit AES encryption software

Thanko Secure Morse Code Flash Drivewith numeric keypad, if you speak Japanese

Authenex - tokens and flashdrive storage

AData, Ativa, Disgo, Intuix, Memorex, PQI, Sandisk, TwinMos, Verbatim are Flash Drive brands that bundle 256-bit U-Safe encryption.from U3 for selected models.

WARNING: simply plugging a U3-based flash drive into a USB connector may autoinstall software linked to an advertising site on your hard drive without asking your permission. Even though an ad for the device may claim U-Safe is bundled with it, U-Safe may be missing. There may be no software on the device or referred to in any help or instructions as to how to uninstall U3 components. The Control Panel may not show any entry in the Add or Remove Programs listing of installed applications. Caveat Emptor. (I found 5 pieces of U3 software in my C:\WINDOWS\Prefetch folder after supposedly uninstalling this software with their uninstaller.) Many online reports have been posted by users complaining that this software causes their machine to crash.

SanDisk Cruzer Micro USB Flash Drive – password-protected (uninstall of U3)

SanDisk Cruzer Profile USB Flash Drive – biometric finger swipe

Hypertec Biodisk from Hypertec Ltd

BioCert ClipBio Pro Biometric "Flip Clip" Flash Memory Drive 1 GB fingerprint-based with password override.

BUSlink Bio Metric Fingerprint USB Hi-Speed Drive

What you need to know before you purchase a smart card or USB token

 

 

Lector Emptor - If you choose to try to fix you own problems, it is your responsibility alone. All imaginable caveats apply. This document is guaranteed to contain unwitting errors and omissions of one sort or another.

 

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